In 2003, an exceptionally well preserved T. rex leg bone was unearthed in the Cretaceous rocks of Montana. Upon close examination, Dr. Mary Schweitzer found the bone to contain soft tissue inside - tiny blood vessels and proteins! Some claim that this is evidence of a young Earth, a recent extinction of the dinosaurs. Could this be, or is there another explanation?
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Update: since writing the script for this video, a new study came out that weakens the consensus that the tissue found belongs to the original T. rex: http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/284/1855/20170544
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Get a T. rex t-shirt: https://www.redbubble.com/people/statedclearly/works/28105774-gloating-t-rex?asc=t&p=t-shirt
Visit Dr. Mary Schweitzer’s website: https://molecularpaleo.wordpress.ncsu.edu/
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Papers cited in this animation:
ORIGINAL DISCOVERY OF SOFT TISSUE:
Soft Tissue Vessels and Cellular Preservation in Tyrannosaurus rex: http://science.sciencemag.org/content/307/5717/1952
Soft tissue and cellular preservation in vertebrate skeletal elements from the Cretaceous to the present: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1685849/
CRITIQUE OF DISCOVERY:
Dinosaurian Soft Tissues Interpreted as Bacterial Biofilms: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2483347/
DEFENSES OF DISCOVERY:
Influence of Microbial Biofilms on the Preservation of Primary Soft Tissue in Fossil and Extant Archosaurs:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2953520/
Molecular analyses of dinosaur osteocytes support the presence of endogenous molecules: http://www.thebonejournal.com/article/S8756-3282(12)01318-X/fulltext
Testing the Hypothesis of Biofilm as a Source for Soft Tissue and Cell-Like Structures Preserved in Dinosaur Bone: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4771714/
10 million year old frog bones with marrow preserved: https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/geology/article-abstract/34/8/641/129601/high-fidelity-organic-preservation-of-bone-marrow?redirectedFrom=fulltext
IRON’S ROLE IN PRESERVATION:
A role for iron and oxygen chemistry in preserving soft tissues, cells and molecules from deep time: http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/281/1775/20132741
OTHER DINOSAURS WITH SOFT TISSUE DISCOVERED:
Mass Spectrometry and Antibody-Based Characterization of Blood Vessels from Brachylophosaurus canadensis: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4768904/
Evidence of preserved collagen in an Early Jurassic sauropodomorph dinosaur revealed by synchrotron FTIR microspectroscopy: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5290320/
Soft sheets of fibrillar bone from a fossil of the supraorbital horn of the dinosaur Triceratops horridus: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23414624
Hemoglobin-derived porphyrins preserved in a Middle Eocene blood-engorged mosquito: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24127577
Molecular preservation in Late Cretaceous sauropod dinosaur eggshells https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1599869/
=============
Update: since writing the script for this video, a new study came out that weakens the consensus that the tissue found belongs to the original T. rex: http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/284/1855/20170544
=============
========
Support us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/statedclearly
Get a T. rex t-shirt: https://www.redbubble.com/people/statedclearly/works/28105774-gloating-t-rex?asc=t&p=t-shirt
Visit Dr. Mary Schweitzer’s website: https://molecularpaleo.wordpress.ncsu.edu/
========
Papers cited in this animation:
ORIGINAL DISCOVERY OF SOFT TISSUE:
Soft Tissue Vessels and Cellular Preservation in Tyrannosaurus rex: http://science.sciencemag.org/content/307/5717/1952
Soft tissue and cellular preservation in vertebrate skeletal elements from the Cretaceous to the present: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1685849/
CRITIQUE OF DISCOVERY:
Dinosaurian Soft Tissues Interpreted as Bacterial Biofilms: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2483347/
DEFENSES OF DISCOVERY:
Influence of Microbial Biofilms on the Preservation of Primary Soft Tissue in Fossil and Extant Archosaurs:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2953520/
Molecular analyses of dinosaur osteocytes support the presence of endogenous molecules: http://www.thebonejournal.com/article/S8756-3282(12)01318-X/fulltext
Testing the Hypothesis of Biofilm as a Source for Soft Tissue and Cell-Like Structures Preserved in Dinosaur Bone: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4771714/
10 million year old frog bones with marrow preserved: https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/geology/article-abstract/34/8/641/129601/high-fidelity-organic-preservation-of-bone-marrow?redirectedFrom=fulltext
IRON’S ROLE IN PRESERVATION:
A role for iron and oxygen chemistry in preserving soft tissues, cells and molecules from deep time: http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/281/1775/20132741
OTHER DINOSAURS WITH SOFT TISSUE DISCOVERED:
Mass Spectrometry and Antibody-Based Characterization of Blood Vessels from Brachylophosaurus canadensis: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4768904/
Evidence of preserved collagen in an Early Jurassic sauropodomorph dinosaur revealed by synchrotron FTIR microspectroscopy: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5290320/
Soft sheets of fibrillar bone from a fossil of the supraorbital horn of the dinosaur Triceratops horridus: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23414624
Hemoglobin-derived porphyrins preserved in a Middle Eocene blood-engorged mosquito: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24127577
Molecular preservation in Late Cretaceous sauropod dinosaur eggshells https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1599869/
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Soft tissue found inside a dinosaur bone!
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Analizar e interpretar datos para proveer de evidencias que apoyen que la diversidad de organismos es el resultado de la evolución, considerando:
- Evidencias de la evolución (como el registro fósil, las estructuras anatómicas homólogas, la embriología y las secuencias de ADN).
- Los postulados de la teoría de la selección natural.
- Los aportes de científicos como Darwin y Wallace a las teorías evolutivas.
